Cryptography and Network Security

Homomorphic encryption means computation over encrypted data without secret key.  How this is possible  ?? 😴 In this blog, we will explore the types of Homomorphic Encryption and demonstrate how computations can be performed on encrypted data without the secret key. In 2009, Gentry proposed Fully Homomorphic Encryption. In 2012, Brakerski proposed a leveled homomorphic encryption scheme that works over integer arithmetic, which later became known as the BFV scheme. BFV is an encryption scheme. Thus, as an encryption scheme, it is expected to be secure. To date, under certain conditions, it is assumed that the scheme is safe, and its security is based on the Learning With Errors (LWE) assumption.. Learning-with-error (LWE): Given a pair of a, b and the task is to recover secret key (s), such that b = a.s  + e  Here e is error mostly picked from gaussian distribution, and a, s are selected from Rq (known as ring module R) The above problem is HARD. The proof is not si...